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Phuputsong ena, ho ile ha etsoa mokhoa oa ho etsa qeto ea nako e le 'ngoe ea phenol e sa tsitsang, li-cyanides, li-anionic surfactants le ammonia nitrogen metsing a nooang ho sebelisoa analyzer ea phallo.Mehlala ea pele e ile ea hloekisoa ka mocheso oa 145 ° C.Phenol e ka har'a distillate e ntan'o itšoara ka ferricyanide ea motheo le 4-aminoantipyrine ho etsa motsoako o mofubelu, o lekantsoeng ka mebala ho 505 nm.Joale cyanide e ka har'a distillate e kopana le chloramine T ho etsa cyanochloride, e ntan'o etsa motsoako o moputsoa o nang le pyridinecarboxylic acid, e lekantsoeng ka colorimetrically ho 630 nm.Li-surfactants tsa anionic li itšoara ka "methylene blue" ea motheo ho etsa motsoako o ntšoang ka chloroform ebe o hlatsuoa ka acidic methylene blue ho tlosa lintho tse sitisang.Metsoako e putsoa ka chloroform e ile ea khethoa ka mebala ho 660 nm.Sebakeng sa alkaline ka bolelele ba 660 nm, ammonia e arabela ka salicylate le chlorine ka dichloroisocyanuric acid ho etsa indophenol blue ho 37 °C.Maemong a boima a phenols le cyanide tse ka bang 2-100 µg/l, ho kheloha ho lekanyelitsoeng ho ne ho le 0.75-6.10% le 0.36-5.41%, ka ho latellana, 'me litekanyetso tsa ho hlaphoheloa e ne e le 96.2-103.6% le 96.0-102.4% .%.Linear coefficient ≥ 0.9999, meeli ea ho lemoha 1.2 µg/L le 0.9 µg/L.Liphapang tse amanang le maemo e ne e le 0.27–4.86% le 0.33–5.39%, 'me lintlafatso e bile 93.7–107.0% le 94.4–101.7%.Ka bongata ba li-surfactants tsa anionic le ammonia nitrogen 10 ~ 1000 μg / l.Li-coefficients tsa khokahano ea mela e ne e le 0.9995 le 0.9999, meeli ea ho lemoha e ne e le 10.7 µg/l le 7.3 µg/l, ka ho latellana.Ho ne ho se na liphapang tsa lipalo-palo ha li bapisoa le mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa naha.Mokhoa ona o boloka nako le boiteko, o na le moeli o fokolang oa ho lemoha, ho nepahala ho phahameng le ho nepahala, ho fokotseha ho fokolang, 'me o loketse haholoanyane ho hlahloba le ho etsa qeto ea lisampole tse kholo.
Volatile phenols, cyanides, anionic surfactants le ammonium nitrogen1 ke matšoao a likarolo tsa organoleptic, 'mele le metalloid metsing a nooang.Lik'hemik'hale tsa phenolic ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa lik'hemik'hale bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata, empa phenol le li-homologues tsa eona le tsona li chefo ebile ho thata ho li senya.Li hlahisoa nakong ea mekhoa e mengata ea indasteri 'me li fetohile litšila tse tloaelehileng tsa tikoloho2,3.Lintho tse chefo haholo tsa phenolic li ka kenngoa 'meleng ka letlalo le litho tsa ho hema.Boholo ba bona ba lahleheloa ke chefo ea bona nakong ea ts'ebetso ea detoxification ka mor'a ho kena 'meleng oa motho, ebe ba tsoa ka har'a moroto.Leha ho le joalo, ha bokhoni bo tloaelehileng ba 'mele bo fetisoa, likarolo tse feteletseng li ka bokella lithong tse sa tšoaneng le liseleng, tse lebisang ho chefo e sa foleng, hlooho, lekhopho, ho hlohlona ha letlalo, matšoenyeho a kelello, phokolo ea mali le matšoao a fapaneng a methapo ea kutlo 4, 5, 6,7.Cyanide e kotsi haholo, empa e atile ka tlhaho.Lijo le limela tse ngata li na le cyanide, e ka hlahisoang ke libaktheria tse ling, li-fungus kapa algae8,9.Lihlahisoang tse hlatsuoang joalo ka li-shampoo le lihlatsuoa tsa 'mele, li-anionic surfactants li atisa ho sebelisoa ho nolofatsa tlhoekiso hobane li fana ka lihlahisoa tsena ka boleng bo phahameng ba lesela le foam boo bareki ba bo batlang.Leha ho le joalo, li-surfactants tse ngata li ka halefisa letlalo10,11.Metsi a nooang, metsi a ka tlas'a lefatše, metsi a holim'a metsi le metsi a litšila a na le naetrojene ka mokhoa oa ammonia ea mahala (NH3) le matsoai a ammonium (NH4+), a tsejoang e le ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N).Lihlahisoa tse bolang tsa lintho tse phelang tse nang le naetrojene metsing a litšila a ka tlung ke likokoana-hloko haholo-holo li tsoa metsing a litšila a indasteri a kang coking le synthetic ammonia, e leng karolo ea ammoniacal nitrogen metsing12,13,14.Mekhoa e mengata, ho kenyelletsa spectrophotometry15,16,17, chromatography18,19,20,21 le ente ea phallo15,22,23,24 e ka sebelisoa ho lekanya litšila tsena tse' nè metsing.Ha ho bapisoa le mekhoa e meng, spectrophotometry ke eona e tsebahalang haholo.Phuputso ena e sebelisitse limmojule tse 'nè tsa likanale tse peli ho hlahloba ka nako e le' ngoe phenol e sa tsitsang, li-cyanides, li-anionic surfactants, le sulfide.
AA500 continuous flow analyzer (SEAL, Germany), SL252 electronic balance (Shanghai Mingqiao Electronic Instrument Factory, China), le Milli-Q ultrapure water meter (Merck Millipore, USA) e sebelisitsoe.Lik'hemik'hale tsohle tse sebelisitsoeng mosebetsing ona e ne e le tsa boemo ba ho hlahloba, 'me metsi a deionized a ne a sebelisoa litekong tsohle.Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, chloroform, ethanol, sodium tetraborate, isonicotinic acid le 4-aminoantipyrine li ile tsa rekoa ho Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Chaena).Triton X-100, sodium hydroxide le potassium chloride li ile tsa rekoa ho tloha Tianjin Damao Chemical Reagent Factory (Chaena).Potassium ferricyanide, sodium nitroprusside, sodium salicylate le N, N-dimethylformamide li ile tsa fanoa ke Tianjin Tianli Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Chaena).Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, pyrazolone le methylene blue trihydrate li ile tsa rekoa ho tsoa ho Tianjin Kemiou Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Chaena).Trisodium citrate dihydrate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether le sodium dichloroisocyanurate li ile tsa rekoa ho tloha Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Chaena).Litharollo tse tloaelehileng tsa phenol tse sa fetoheng, li-cyanides, li-anionic surfactants, le aqueous ammonia nitrogen li ile tsa rekoa ho tsoa Setsing sa China sa Metrology.
Distillation Reagent: Hlakola 160 ml ea asiti ea phosphoric ho ea ho 1000 ml ka metsi a senyehileng.Sebaka sa polokelo: Beha boima ba 9 g ea boric acid, 5 g ea sodium hydroxide le 10 g ea potasiamo chloride 'me u hlapolle ho 1000 ml ka metsi a senyehileng.Absorption Reagent (e nchafalitsoeng beke le beke): Lekanya ka nepo 200 ml ea buffer stock, eketsa 1 ml 50% Triton X-100 (v/v, Triton X-100/ethanol) 'me u sebelise ka mor'a ho sefa ka lera la sefene la 0.45 µm.Potassium ferricyanide (e nchafalitsoeng beke le beke): Beha boima ba 0.15 g ea potassium ferricyanide 'me u e qhale ka 200 ml ea buffer, eketsa 1 ml ea 50% Triton X-100, sefa ka lera la 0.45 µm pele o sebelisoa.4-Aminoantipyrine (e nchafalitsoeng beke le beke): Kala boima ba 0.2 g ea 4-aminoantipyrine 'me u qhale ka 200 ml ea stock buffer, eketsa 1 ml ea 50% Triton X-100, sefa ka lera la sefene la 0.45 µm.
Reagent bakeng sa distillation: volatile phenol.Tharollo ea buffer: Beha boima ba 3 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 g disodium hydrogen phosphate le 3 g trisodium citrate dihydrate mme o hlapolle ho 1000 ml ka metsi a se nang metsi.Ebe u eketsa 2 ml ea 50% Triton X-100.Chloramine T: Beha boima ba 0.2 g ea chloramine T 'me u hlapolle ho 200 ml ka metsi a hloekisitsoeng.Chromogenic reagent: Chromogenic reagent A: Qhala ka ho feletseng 1.5 g ea pyrazolone ka 20 ml ea N, N-dimethylformamide.Motlatsi oa B: Qhala 3.5 g ea hisonicotinic acid le 6 ml ea 5 M NaOH ka 100 ml ea metsi a senyehileng.Kopanya Moetsi oa A le Moqapi oa B pele o sebelisoa, fetola pH ho 7.0 ka tharollo ea NaOH kapa tharollo ea HCl, ebe o hlapolla ho 200 ml ka metsi a hloekisitsoeng le sefe bakeng sa tšebeliso ea hamorao.
Tharollo ea buffer: Hlakola 10 g sodium tetraborate le 2 g sodium hydroxide metsing a sa hloekang ebe o hlapolla ho 1000 ml.0.025% tharollo e putsoa ea methylene: Hlakola 0.05 g ea methylene blue trihydrate metsing a deionized 'me u etse 200 ml.Methylene blue stock buffer (e nchafalitsoeng letsatsi le letsatsi): hlapolla 20 ml ea 0.025% methylene blue solution ho 100 ml ka buffer stock.Fetisetsa funeleng e arohaneng, hlatsoa ka 20 ml ea chloroform, lahla chloroform e sebelisitsoeng 'me u hlatsoe ka chloroform e ncha ho fihlela' mala o mofubelu oa lesela la chloroform o nyamela (hangata makhetlo a 3), ebe o sefa.Basic Methylene Blue: Hlakola 60 ml e tlhotliloeng ea methylene blue stock solution ho 200 ml stock solution, eketsa 20 ml ea ethanol, kopanya hantle le degas.Acid methylene blue: Eketsa 2 ml ea 0.025% methylene blue solution ho hoo e ka bang 150 ml ea metsi a deionized, eketsa 1.0 ml ea 1% H2SO4 ebe o hlapolla ho 200 ml ka metsi a entsoeng ka deionized.Ebe u eketsa 80 ml ea ethanol, kopanya hantle le degas.
20% ea tharollo ea polyoxyethylene lauryl ether: Beha 20 g ea polyoxyethylene lauryl ether 'me u hlapolle ho 1000 ml ka metsi a senyehileng.Buffer: Beha boima ba 20 g ea trisodium citrate, hlapolla ho 500 ml ka metsi a hloekisitsoeng 'me u kenye 1.0 ml ea 20% polyoxyethylene lauryl ether.Tharollo ea sodium salicylate (e nchafalitsoeng beke le beke): Beha boima ba 20 g ya sodium salicylate le 0.5 g ya potassium ferricyanide nitrite mme o qhale ka di ml tse 500 tsa metsi a tswileng matsoho.Tharollo ea sodium dichloroisocyanurate (e nchafalitsoeng beke le beke): Beha boima ba 10 g ea sodium hydroxide le 1.5 g ea sodium dichloroisocyanurate 'me u li qhale ka 500 ml ea metsi a senyehileng.
Litekanyetso tse feto-fetohang tsa phenol le cyanide tse lokiselitsoeng e le tharollo ea 0 µg/l, 2 µg/l, 5 µg/l, 10 µg/l, 25 µg/l, 50 µg/l, 75 µg/l le 100 µg/l, ho sebelisoa 0.01 M tharollo ea sodium hydroxide.Tekanyetso ea anionic surfactant le ammonia nitrogen li ile tsa lokisoa ho sebelisoa metsi a deionized 0 µg/L, 10 µg/L, 50 µg/L, 100 µg/L, 250 µg/L, 500 µg/L, 750 µg00 mc/l le 1g/L. .tharollo.
Qala tanka ea potoloho e pholileng, ebe (ka tatellano) bula komporo, sampole le matla ho moamoheli oa AA500, hlahloba hore na pompo e hokahane ka nepo, kenya hose ea moea ka har'a valve ea moea, koala poleiti ea khatello ea pompo ea peristaltic, kenya piping ea reagent metsing a hloekileng bohareng.Matha software, kenya fensetere ea mocha e tsamaisanang 'me u hlahlobe hore na liphaephe tse hokahanyang li hokahane ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le haeba ho na le likheo kapa moea o lutlang.Haeba ho se na leakage, aspirate reagent e nepahetseng.Ka mor'a hore motheo oa fensetere ea mocha o tsitsa, khetha 'me u tsamaise faele ea mokhoa o boletsoeng bakeng sa ho sibolloa le ho hlahlojoa.Maemo a lisebelisoa a bontšoa ho Lethathamo la 1.
Mokhoeng ona o ikemetseng oa ho fumana phenol le cyanide, lisampole li qala ho silafatsoa ka 145 ° C.Phenol e ka har'a distillate e ntan'o itšoara ka ferricyanide ea motheo le 4-aminoantipyrine ho etsa motsoako o mofubelu, o lekantsoeng ka mebala ho 505 nm.Joale cyanide e ka har'a distillate e kopana le chloramine T ho etsa cyanochloride, e etsang motsoako o moputsoa o nang le pyridinecarboxylic acid, e lekantsoeng ka mebala ho 630 nm.Li-surfactants tsa anionic li sebetsana le boputsoa ba methylene ho etsa metsoako e ntšoang ka chloroform ebe e arohanngoa ke searohanyi.Karolo ea chloroform e ntan'o hlatsuoa ka acidic methylene blue ho tlosa lintho tse sitisang 'me e arohane hape karolong ea bobeli ea karohano.Qeto ea colorimetric ea metsoako e putsoa ka chloroform ho 660 nm.Ho ipapisitsoe le karabelo ea Berthelot, ammonia e sebetsana le salicylate le chlorine ka dichloroisocyanuric acid ka har'a alkaline ka 37 °C ho theha indophenol blue.Nitroprusside ea sodium e ile ea sebelisoa e le sesosa sa karabelo, 'me 'mala o hlahisoang o ile oa lekanyetsoa ho 660 nm.Molao-motheo oa mokhoa ona o bontšoa ho Setšoantšo sa 1.
Setšoantšo sa moralo oa mokhoa o tsoelang pele oa ho etsa sampole bakeng sa qeto ea li-phenols tse sa tsitsang, li-cyanides, li-anionic surfactants le ammoniacal nitrogen.
Motsoako oa li-phenols tse sa tsitsang le li-cyanides li ne li tloha ho 2 ho ea ho 100 µg / l, coefficient ea corelation ea linear 1.000, regression equation y = (3.888331E + 005) x + (9.938599E + 003).Coefficient ea ho hokahanya bakeng sa cyanide ke 1.000 mme palo ea ho khutlela morao ke y = (3.551656E + 005) x + (9.951319E + 003).Anionic surfactant e na le mokhoa o motle oa ho its'etleha ho bongata ba ammonia nitrogen ka har'a 10-1000 µg/L.Li-coefficients tsa khokahano bakeng sa li-anionic surfactants le ammonia nitrogen e ne e le 0.9995 le 0.9999, ka ho latellana.Li-equations tsa ho fokotseha: y = (2.181170E + 004) x + (1.144847E + 004) le y = (2.375085E + 004) x + (9.631056E + 003), ka ho latellana.Mohlala oa taolo o ne o tsoela pele ho lekanyetsoa ka makhetlo a 11, 'me moeli oa ho lemoha mokhoa ona o arotsoe ke ho kheloha ho tloaelehileng ha 3 ea sampuli ea taolo ho latela letsoapo la lekhalo le tloaelehileng.Meeli ea ho lemoha bakeng sa phenols e sa fetoheng, li-cyanides, li-anionic surfactants, le ammonia nitrogen e ne e le 1.2 µg/l, 0.9 µg/l, 10.7 µg/l, le 7.3 µg/l, ka ho latellana.Moeli oa ho lemoha o tlase ho feta mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa naha, sheba Lethathamo la 2 bakeng sa lintlha.
Eketsa litharollo tsa maemo a holimo, a mahareng le a tlase ho lisampole tsa metsi ntle le mesaletsa ea litlhahlobo.Ka mor'a litekanyo tse supileng tse latellanang li ile tsa baloa ka mor'a matsatsi a 'maloa le a mantsiboea.Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe Lethathamong la 3, li-extractions tsa phenol tsa intraday le tsa intraday e ne e le 98.0-103.6% le 96.2-102.0%, ka ho latellana, ka mekhoa e fapaneng e fapaneng ea 0.75-2.80% le 1. 27-6.10%.Pholiso ea intraday le ea letsatsi le leng le le leng ea cyanide e ne e le 101.0-102.0% le 96.0-102.4%, ka ho latellana, 'me ho kheloha ho tloaelehileng ho ne ho le 0.36-2.26% le 2.36-5.41%, ka ho latellana.Ho feta moo, li-extractions tsa intraday le tsa motšehare tsa li-anionic surfactants e ne e le 94.3-107.0% le 93.7-101.6%, ka ho latellana, ka mekhoa e fapaneng e fapaneng ea 0.27-0.96% le 4.44-4.86%.Qetellong, ho hlaphoheloa ha ammonia nitrogen ka har'a matsatsi a 98.0-101.7% le 94.4-97.8%, ka ho latellana, ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea 0.33-3.13% le 4.45-5.39%, ka ho latellana.joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe ho Lethathamo la 3.
Mekhoa e mengata ea liteko, ho kenyeletsoa spectrophotometry15,16,17 le chromatography25,26, e ka sebelisoa ho lekanya litšila tse nne tse ka metsing.Chemical spectrophotometry ke mokhoa o sa tsoa batlisisoa oa ho lemoha litšila tsena, tse hlokoang ke litekanyetso tsa naha tsa 27, 28, 29, 30, 31. E hloka mehato e kang distillation le ho ntšoa, e hlahisang ts'ebetso e telele e nang le kutloisiso e sa lekaneng le ho nepahala.E ntle, e mpe ho nepahala.Tšebeliso e atileng ea lik'hemik'hale tsa tlhaho e ka baka kotsi bophelong ba batho ba etsang liteko.Le hoja chromatography e potlakile, e bonolo, e sebetsa hantle ebile e na le meeli e fokolang ea ho lemoha, ha e khone ho lemoha metsoako e mene ka nako e le 'ngoe.Leha ho le joalo, maemo a matla a sa leka-lekaneng a sebelisoa tlhahlobong ea lik'hemik'hale ho sebelisoa spectrophotometry ea phallo e tsoelang pele, e thehiloeng ho phallo e tsoelang pele ea khase nakong ea phallo ea tharollo ea sampole, ho eketsa li-reagents ka likarolo tse loketseng le tatellano ha ho ntse ho phetheloa karabelo ka loop ea ho kopanya. le ho e lemoha ho spectrophotometer, pele e tlosa li-bubble tsa moea.Hobane ts'ebetso ea ho sibolla e entsoe ka boiketsetso, lisampole lia hlakoloa ebe li khutlisoa inthaneteng sebakeng se batlang se koetsoe.Mokhoa ona o ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea mosebetsi, o fokotsa nako ea ho lemoha, o nolofatsa ts'ebetso, o fokotsa tšilafalo ea reagent, o eketsa kutloisiso le moeli oa ho lemoha oa mokhoa.
Sehlahisoa sa anionic surfactant le ammonia nitrogen li kenyelelitsoe sehlahisoa sa tlhahlobo se kopantsoeng ka bongata ba 250 µg/L.Sebelisa ntho e tloaelehileng ho fetolela phenol e feto-fetohang le cyanide hore e be ntho e lekiloeng ka bongata ba 10 µg/L.Bakeng sa tlhahlobo le ho lemoha, ho ile ha sebelisoa mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa naha le mokhoa ona (liteko tse 6 tse tšoanang).Liphetho tsa mekhoa e 'meli li ile tsa bapisoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo e ikemetseng ea t.Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe Lethathamong la 4, ho ne ho se na phapang e khōlō pakeng tsa mekhoa e 'meli (P> 0.05).
Phuputso ena e sebelisitse analyzer e tsoelang pele ea phallo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea nako e le 'ngoe le ho lemoha phenol e sa tsitsang, li-cyanides, li-anionic surfactants le ammonia nitrogen.Liphetho tsa liteko li bonts'a hore molumo oa sampole o sebelisoang ke mohlahlobi o tsoelang pele oa phallo o tlase ho feta mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa naha.E boetse e na le meeli e tlase ea ho lemoha, e sebelisa li-reagents tse fokolang ka 80%, e hloka nako e fokolang ea ho sebetsa bakeng sa lisampole ka bomong, 'me e sebelisa chloroform e fokolang haholo ea kankere.Ts'ebetso ea Marang-rang e kopantsoe ebile e iketsetsa.Phallo e tsoelang pele e ipapisitse le li-reagents le disampole, ebe e kopanya ka potoloho ea ho kopanya, e futhumatsa ka bo eona, e ntša le ho bala ka colorimetry.Ts'ebetso ea liteko e etsoa ka mokhoa o koetsoeng, o potlakisang nako ea tlhahlobo, o fokotsa tšilafalo ea tikoloho, 'me o thusa ho netefatsa polokeho ea liteko.Mehato e rarahaneng ea ts'ebetso e joalo ka ho hlapolla ka letsoho le ho ntšoa ha ho hlokahale22,32.Leha ho le joalo, lipeipi tsa lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa li batla li rarahane, 'me liphello tsa liteko li susumetsoa ke lintlha tse ngata tse ka bakang ho se tsitse ha tsamaiso habonolo.Ho na le mehato e 'maloa ea bohlokoa eo u ka e nkang ho ntlafatsa bonnete ba liphetho tsa hau le ho thibela tšitiso litekong tsa hau.(1) Boleng ba pH ba tharollo bo lokela ho tsotelloa ha ho khethoa li-phenols tse sa tsitsang le li-cyanide.PH e tlameha ho ba hoo e ka bang 2 pele e kena ka khoele ea distillation.Ho pH> 3, li-amine tse nkhang hamonate le tsona li ka ntšoa, 'me karabelo ea 4-aminoantipyrine e ka fana ka liphoso.Hape ho pH> 2.5, ho hlaphoheloa ha K3[Fe(CN)6] ho tla ba ka tlase ho 90%.Mehlala e nang le letsoai le fetang 10 g/l e ka koala khoele ea distillation mme ea baka mathata.Tabeng ena, metsi a hloekileng a lokela ho ekeletsoa ho fokotsa letsoai la sampole33.(2) Lintlha tse latelang li ka 'na tsa ama ho khetholla ha li-anionic surfactants: Lik'hemik'hale tsa cationic li ka etsa lipara tse matla tsa ion le li-anionic surfactants.Liphetho li ka boela tsa e-ba leeme ka pel'a: li-acid tse humic tse kholo ho feta 20 mg / l;metsoako e nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea holim'a metsi (mohlala, li-surfactants tse ling) > 50 mg/l;lintho tse nang le matla a ho fokotsa matla (SO32-, S2O32- le OCl-);lintho tse etsang limolek'hule tse mebala, tse qhibilihang ka chloroform ka reagent efe kapa efe;tse ling tsa anions inorganic (chloride, bromide le nitrate) metsing a litšila34,35.(3) Ha ho baloa ammonia nitrogen, li-amine tse boima ba limolek'hule tse tlaase li lokela ho nkoa, kaha liketso tsa bona ka ammonia li tšoana, 'me phello e tla ba e phahameng.Tšitiso e ka etsahala haeba pH ea motsoako oa karabelo e ka tlase ho 12.6 ka mor'a hore litharollo tsohle tsa reagent li eketsoe.Lisampole tse nang le asiti e ngata le tse koetsoeng li atisa ho baka sena.Li-ion tsa tšepe tse phallang e le li-hydroxide tse ngata haholo li ka boela tsa lebisa ho fokotseng ho ikatisa36,37.
Liphello li bontšitse hore mokhoa o tsoelang pele oa ho hlahloba phallo bakeng sa qeto ea nako e le 'ngoe ea li-phenols tse sa tsitsang, li-cyanides, li-anionic surfactants le ammonia nitrogen metsing a nooang li na le moeli o motle, moeli o tlaase oa ho lemoha, ho nepahala hantle le ho hlaphoheloa.Ha ho na phapang e kholo le mokhoa oa maemo a naha.Mokhoa ona o fana ka mokhoa o potlakileng, o nang le kutloelo-bohloko, o nepahetseng le o bonolo ho o sebelisa bakeng sa tlhahlobo le boikemisetso ba palo e kholo ea lisampole tsa metsi.E loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho lemoha likarolo tse 'nè ka nako e le' ngoe, 'me bokhoni ba ho lemoha bo ntlafatsoa haholo.
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Nako ea poso: Feb-22-2023