Mosebetsi oa ho fetola botala o ntse o le boima.Indasteri ea tšepe e hloka ho lemoha mathata a mararo
Zhang Dawei o itse ha re ntse re etsa likatleho, re boetse re lokela ho ela hloko mathata a mararo ao re tobaneng le ona.
Ntlha ea pele, liphello tsa taolo ha li e-s'o tsitsa, 'me boemo ba tšilafalo ea moea bo ntse bo tebile.Leha mahloriso a naha a PM2.5 a theohetse ho li-micrograms tse 29 ka cubic meter ka 2022, e ntse e le makhetlo a mabeli ho isa ho a mane ho feta a linaha tsa Europe le Amerika, le makhetlo a ts'eletseng boleng ba tataiso ea WHO."Naheng ea rona, karolo ea boraro ea litoropo e ntse e e-s'o fihle boemong bo botle, haholo-holo libakeng tse nang le baahi ba bangata ba bohareng le bochabela, 'me metse e mengata e nang le matla a ho hlahisa tšepe le tšepe ha e e-s'o fihle boemong boo.""Boleng ba moea bo ntse bo haella ho fihlela sepheo sa ho aha China e ntle le tlhokahalo ea sejoale-joale ea ho phelisana ka kutloano pakeng tsa motho le tlhaho," ho boletse Zhang.Boemo ba moea bo ka nyoloha habonolo haeba ho e-na le phoso e nyenyane.”
Ea bobeli, mathata a sebopeho a hlahella, 'me phetoho e tala ea tšepe le tšepe e ntse e le mosebetsi o molelele le o boima.Zhang Dawei o bontšitse hore tlhahiso eohle ea sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide le particulate matter e tsoang indastering ea tšepe e ntse e le maemong a pele har'a mafapha a indasteri, 'me likhase tsa carbon dioxide (karolo ea 15 lekholong) le tsona li boemong ba pele har'a lik'hamphani tse se nang matla.Haeba lipalangoang li eketsoa, mesi e phahame le ho feta."Sesosa sa mantlha ke hore mathata a sebopeho sa indasteri ka boeona ha a so ka a ntlafatsoa haholo."O thathamisitse hore, haeba sebopeho sa ts'ebetso se busoa ke ts'ebetso e telele, tlhahiso ea tšepe ea sebōpi ea motlakase e nka karolo ea 10% feela ea kakaretso ea tšepe e sa hloekang, e leng lekhalo le leholo ka karolelano ea lefatše ea 28%, 68% ho. United States, 40% ho European Union le 24% Japane.Sebopeho sa tefiso ke haholo-holo sinter e nang le mocheso o phahameng, 'me karolo ea li-pellets ka sebōping e ka tlaase ho 20%, e leng lekhalo le leholo le linaha tsa Europe le Amerika.Sebopeho sa matla se laoloa ke mashala.Mashala a etsa 92% ea matla a rekiloeng ke indasteri ea tšepe le tšepe.Tšebeliso ea mashala a indasteri e etsa karolo ea 20% ea kakaretso ea tšebeliso ea mashala a naha (ho kenyeletsoa le ho pheha), e behoa pele indastering eo e seng ea motlakase.Joalo joalo.
Ho feta moo, indasteri ha e na mehloli e lekaneng ea mahlale a bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fokotsa tšilafalo le khabone."Ho potlakile ho qhaqha mekoallo ea tekheniki le maano pakeng tsa liindasteri tsa tšepe le lik'hemik'hale, ho susumetsa tšusumetso ea mekhoa e mecha ea theknoloji indastering, le ho potlakisa lipatlisiso tsa motheo le ts'ebeliso ea boenjiniere ea theknoloji e senyang le e ncha ea carbon metallurgical."Zhang Dawei o bontšitse hore mokokotlong oa morao-rao oa "khabone e habeli", mosebetsi oa phetoho ea khabone e tala ea indasteri ea tšepe o boima.
Ea boraro, tsoelo-pele ea likhase tse tlase haholo e tsamaellana le litebello, empa mathata a mang ha aa lokela ho hlokomolohuoa.Taba ea pele, tsoelo-pele libakeng tse ling e salla morao.Likhamphani tse thathamisitsoeng haholo-holo sebakeng sa Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei le libaka tse haufi le Fen-Wei Plain, ha sebaka sa Yangtze River Delta se ntse se tsoela pele butle.Hajoale, ke likhoebo tse 5 feela libakeng tseo e seng tsa bohlokoa tse phethileng phetoho eohle ea tšebetso le ho e phatlalatsa.Boholo ba likhoebo liprofinseng tse ling li boemong ba pele ba phetoho.Ea bobeli, boleng ba likhoebo tse ling ha bo holimo.Likhoebo tse ling li na le mathata a mang, joalo ka khetho e sa utloahaleng ea ts'ebetso, phetoho e sa phethahalang, e totobatsang taolo ea pheletso holim'a thibelo le taolo ea mohloli.Ea boraro, boleng ba mosebetsi oa tlhahlobo le ho beha leihlo bo hloka ho ntlafatsoa."Likhoebo tse ling ha li boemong ba ho fetola, e le hore li phatlalatse, ho hlahloba le ho beha leihlo 'kelello e khopameng', mosebetsi ha o thata ebile ha o thata, ebile ha oa nepahala."Zhang Dawei o bontšitse hore molemong oa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba mosebetsi oa ho lekola le ho beha leihlo, Lekala la Ecology le Tikoloho le Mokhatlo oa Litšepe li ile tsa tšoara lipuisano tse 'maloa ka 2022, li qobella mokhatlo ho tiisa template ea tlaleho le ho tiisa ts'ebetso ea phatlalatso, empa bothata bo ntse bo le teng. e teng ka tekanyo e fapaneng.”“O supile.Ea bone, likhoebo ka bomong li phomotsa tsamaiso ka mor'a ho phatlalatsoa, esita le boitšoaro bo seng molaong.
Tšireletso e phahameng ea tikoloho ea tikoloho, indasteri ea tšepe le likhoebo ho etsa "tlhokomelo e 'ngoe" e mene.
Zhang Dawei o boletse hore tlhokomelo e akaretsang ea Lekala la Ecology le Tikoloho selemong sena ke ho latela "mehato e meraro ea taolo ea tšilafalo" le "mehato e mehlano e nepahetseng", e hanyetsang ka tieo "boholo bo lekanang-bohle", e hanyetsang boipelaetso. ea lihlopha tse ngata.Ha le ntse le etsa taolo ea moea, lekala le tla hokahanya tšebetso e thellang ea indasteri le tiisetso ea lisebelisoa, le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea boemo bo holimo ba indasteri ea tšepe e nang le ts'ireletso e phahameng.
"Ho khothaletsoa hore indasteri ea tšepe le likhoebo li sebetsane le 'likamano tse tharo', ke hore, li sebetsane le likamano lipakeng tsa lisosa tsa pholiso le motso, nako e telele le e khuts'oane, nts'etsopele le phokotso ea tlhahiso, le ho etsa tse 'ne." tlhokomelo e eketsehileng '.Zhang Dawei o khothalelitse.
Taba ea pele, re tla ela hloko mehato ea ho fokotsa khase ea meralo le ea mehloli."Tlas'a motheo oa sepheo sa hajoale sa "khabone e 'meli", re lokela ho ela hloko haholoanyane mehato ea meralo, mohloli le tse ling.Mmaraka oa kamoso oa khabone le litefiso tsa khabone le ona o tla ba le tšusumetso e kholo ho nts'etsopele ea indasteri, 'me re lokela ho nka pono ea nako e telele.Zhang o ile a fana ka maikutlo a hore indasteri ea tšepe e lokela ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho eketsa karolo ea tlhahiso ea tšepe ea nakoana ka liboping tsa motlakase;Eketsa karolo ea li-pellets tse sebelisoang sebōping sa mollo le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea sinter;Re tla ntlafatsa bokgoni ba eneji, re eketse karolo ya motlakase o motala o sebediswang, mme re nke sebaka sa eneji e hlwekileng diboping tsa diindaseteri tse besitsweng ka mashala.Likhoebo tse bohareng le tsa 'muso li lokela ho bapala karolo e ka sehloohong le ho etella pele lipontšong le ts'ebelisong ea ts'ebelisano-'moho ea theknoloji ea ho fokotsa ts'ilafalo le khabone.
Taba ea bobeli, re tla ela hloko haholoanyane boleng ba phetoho e tlase haholo.Morero ona o moholo ha o na ho qobella likhoebo feela ho kopanya le ho hlophisa bocha, ho ntlafatsa lisebelisoa, le ho ntlafatsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea tšepe ka kakaretso e tala le e tlase, empa hape e tla matlafatsa matsete a sechaba le ho thusa ho tsitsisa kholo ea moruo."Re hatelletse makhetlo a mangata liketsahalong tse fapaneng hore phetoho e tlase haholo e lokela ho hahamalla 'nete tse' nè, ho fihlela tse 'nè tse lokelang ho etsoa le tse' nè ha li tšoanelehe, 'me e tlameha ho emela teko ea histori."Ho boletse Zhang Dawei.
Ea boraro, re tla ela hloko haholoanyane ho fihlela litlhoko tse tlase haholo ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng le o tsitsitseng."Likhoebo tse phethileng phetoho e tlase haholo le ho phatlalatsoa li lokela ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mekhatlo ea taolo ea tikoloho, ho ntlafatsa boemo ba botekgeniki ba basebetsi ba taolo ea tikoloho, le ho bapala ka botlalo karolo ea ts'ehetso ea sistimi e hlophisitsoeng, e sa hlophisoang le e hloekileng ea tlhahlobo ea lipalangoang. bakeng sa taolo ea tikoloho e thehiloeng ts'ebetsong ea phetoho e tlase haholo, e le ho fihlela mesi e tsitsitseng e tlase haholo.Ha ho bonolo ho e etsa.”Zhang Dawei o hatelletse hore tlhahiso ea tšepe ea morao-rao e tlase haholo e thehile mokhoa oa ho laola mekha e mengata o kenyelletsang mmuso, likhoebo le sechaba.
A re mohatong o latelang, Lekala la Ecology le Tikoloho le tla tataisa mebuso ea libaka ho sebelisa maano a fapaneng ka botlalo, ho eketsa ts'ehetso ea maano bakeng sa likhoebo tse tsitsitseng tsa maemo a tlase, le ho kopa Mokhatlo oa Litšepe ho hlakola tsebiso ea sechaba ea likhoebo ha e khone ho fumana tlhahiso e tlase haholo ebile e na le boitšoaro bo seng molaong.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, re tla matlafatsa ditlhahlobo tsa molao le bodisa bo tiileng ba dikgwebo tse esong ho phethe ho fetola mesi e tlase haholo.
Ea bone, ho ela hloko haholo ho fokotsa tšilafalo le khabone likhokahanong tsa lipalangoang.Indasteri ea tšepe le tšepe ke indasteri ea bohlokoa ntoeng khahlanong le literaka tsa diesel, 'me mesi e tsoang ho lipalangoang e etsa karolo ea 20% ea kakaretso ea mesi ea polante eohle."Mohato o latelang, likhoebo li lokela ho ela hloko ntlafatso ea lipalangoang kahare le kantle ho polante, ho ntlafatsa karolo ea lipalangoang tse hloekileng tsa thepa le lihlahisoa kantle ho polante, lipalangoang tse mahareng le tse telele ka seporo kapa seporo sa metsi, lipalangoang tse mahareng le tse khutšoane. liphaephe kapa likoloi tse ncha tsa matla;Kaho ea lipalangoang tsa mabanta, lirolara le lirolara li tla kengoa tšebetsong fekthering ho fokotsa palo ea lipalangoang lifemeng le ho hlakola phetiso ea bobeli ea thepa femeng. ”Zhang Dawei o itse, e phatlalalitsoe, ho mekhoa e tšeletseng ea lipalangoang tsa likoloi tsa likhoebo, hape o khothalelitse hore re ntlafatse sebopeho sa lipalangoang, ho ntlafatsa karolo ea lipalangoang tse hloekileng.
Nako ea poso: Feb-15-2023