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Li-slide tse bonts'ang lingoloa tse tharo selaeteng se seng le se seng.Sebelisa likonopo tse ka morao le tse latelang ho tsamaea ka har'a li-slide, kapa likonopo tsa selaoli se qetellong ho tsamaea selaeteng ka seng.
AISI 304/304L Stainless steel capillary coiled tubing
AISI 304 coil ea tšepe e sa hloekang ke sehlahisoa sa merero eohle se nang le khanyetso e ntle haholo 'me se loketse mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse hlokang sebopeho se setle le ho chesehela.
Sheye Metal stocks 304 coils in 0.3mm to 16mm thickness and 2B finish, BA finish, No.4 finish li lula li le teng.
Ntle le mefuta e meraro ea bokaholimo, likhoele tsa tšepe tse 304 li ka tsamaisoa ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lipehelo.Grade 304 stainless e na le Cr (hangata 18%) le nickel (hangata 8%) metale e le likarolo tse kholo tseo e seng tsa tšepe.
Mofuta ona oa li-coil ke tšepe e sa hloekang ea austenitic, e leng ea lelapa le tloaelehileng la Cr-Ni.
Hangata li sebelisoa bakeng sa thepa ea ntlo le ea bareki, lisebelisoa tsa kichineng, liaparo tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle, li-handrails le liforeimi tsa lifensetere, lisebelisoa tsa indasteri ea lijo le lino, litanka tsa polokelo.
| Tlhaloso ea 304 tšepe coil | |
| Boholo | Cold Rolled: Botenya: 0.3 ~ 8.0mm;Bophara: 1000 ~ 2000mm |
| Hot Rolled: Botenya: 3.0 ~ 16.0mm;Bophara: 1000 ~ 2500mm | |
| Mekhoa | Cold Rolling, Hot Rolled |
| Bokaholimo | 2B, BA, 8K, 6K, Mirror Finished, No.1, No.2, No.3, No.4, Hair Line with PVC |
| Cold Rolled 304 Coil Stainless Steel in Stock | 304 2B Coil ea tšepe e sa hloekang 304 BA Coil ea tšepe e sa hloekang 304 No.4 Coil ea tšepe e sa hloekang |
| Coil ea tšepe e sa hloekang e chesang ea 304 e rekisoang ka har'a Stock | 304 No.1 Coil ea tšepe e sa hloekang |
| Mekhahlelo e Tloaelehileng ea Leqephe la tšepe le sa hloekang la 304 | 1000mm x 2000mm, 1200mm x 2400mm, 1219mm x 2438mm, 1220mm x 2440mm, 1250mm x 2500mm, 1500mm x 3000mm, 1500mm x 6000mm 60004mm, x10002mm 00 limilimithara |
| Filimi e sireletsang bakeng sa 304 Coil (25μm ~ 200μm) | filimi ea PVC e tšoeu le e ntšo;Filimi ea Blue PE, filimi ea Transparent PE, 'Mala o mong kapa lintho tse bonahalang le tsona lia fumaneha. |
| Standard | ASTM A240, JIS G4304, G4305, GB/T 4237, GB/T 8165, BS 1449, DIN17460, DIN 17441, EN10088-2 |
| Botenya bo Tloaelehileng ba Cold Rolled 304 Coil | |||||||||
| 0.3 limilimithara | 0.4 limilimithara | 0.5 limilimithara | 0.6 limilimithara | 0.7 limilimithara | 0.8mm | 0.9 limilimithara | 1.0 limilimithara | 1.2 limilimithara | 1.5 limilimithara |
| 1.8mm | 2.0 limilimithara | 2.5 limilimithara | 2.8mm | 3.0 limilimithara | 4.0 limilimithara | 5.0 limilimithara | 6.0 limilimithara | ||
| Botenya bo Tloaelehileng ba Khoeli e Chesang ea 304 | ||||||||
| 3.0 limilimithara | 4.0 limilimithara | 5.0 limilimithara | 6.0 limilimithara | 8.0 limilimithara | 10.0 limilimithara | 12.0 limilimithara | 14.0 limilimithara | 16.0 limilimithara |
| Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale | |
| Element | AISI 304 / EN 1.4301 |
| Khabone | ≤0.08 |
| Manganese | ≤2.00 |
| Sebabole | ≤0.030 |
| Phosphorus | ≤0.045 |
| Silicone | ≤0.75 |
| Chromium | 18.0-20.0 |
| Nickel | 8.0~10.5 |
| Naetrojene | ≤0.10 |
| Thepa ea Mechini | |||
| Kotulo e Matla 0.2% offset (MPa) | Tension Strength (MPa) | % Elongation (2" kapa 50mm) | Ho thatafala(HRB) |
| ≥205 | ≥515 | ≥40 | ≤92 |
Thutong ena, moralo oa liliba tsa torsion le compression tsa mochini oa ho phutha mapheo o sebelisoang roketeng o nkuoa e le bothata ba ho ntlafatsa.Ka mor'a hore rokete e tlohe tube ea ho qala, mapheo a koetsoeng a tlameha ho buloa le ho tiisoa ka nako e itseng.Sepheo sa thuto e ne e le ho eketsa matla a bolokiloeng lilibeng e le hore mapheo a ka khona ho sebetsa ka nako e khutšoanyane ka ho fetisisa.Tabeng ena, equation ea matla likhatisong ka bobeli e ile ea hlalosoa e le sepheo sa ts'ebetso ea ho ntlafatsa.Bophahamo ba terata, bophara ba li-coil, palo ea li-coil, le li-parameter tsa ho kheloha tse hlokahalang bakeng sa moralo oa selemo li ne li hlalosoa e le mefuta e fapaneng ea ntlafatso.Ho na le meeli ea geometri ho mefuta-futa ka lebaka la boholo ba mochine, hammoho le meeli ea tšireletso ka lebaka la mojaro o tsamaisoang ke liliba.Honey bee (BA) algorithm e sebelisitsoe ho rarolla bothata bona ba ho ntlafatsa le ho etsa moralo oa selemo.Litekanyetso tsa matla tse fumanoeng ka BA li phahametse tse fumanoeng lithutong tse fetileng tsa Design of Experiments (DOE).Li-Spring le mekhoa e entsoeng ka ho sebelisa li-parameter tse fumanoeng ho tsoa ntlafatsong li ile tsa hlahlobjoa ka lekhetlo la pele lenaneong la ADAMS.Ka mor'a moo, liteko tsa liteko li ile tsa etsoa ka ho kopanya liliba tse entsoeng ka mekhoa ea sebele.Ka lebaka la tlhahlobo, ho ile ha hlokomeloa hore mapheo a bulehile ka mor'a hoo e ka bang 90 milliseconds.Boleng bona bo ka tlase haholo ho sepheo sa morero sa 200ms.Ntle le moo, phapang lipakeng tsa liphetho tsa tlhahlobo le liteko ke 16 ms feela.
Lifofaneng le likoloing tsa metsing, mekhoa ea ho mena e bohlokoa.Litsamaiso tsena li sebelisoa ho fetola le ho fetola lifofane ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le taolo ea sefofane.Ho ipapisitsoe le mokhoa oa ho fofa, mapheo a phutha le ho phutholoha ka tsela e fapaneng ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea aerodynamic1.Boemo bona bo ka bapisoa le ho sisinyeha ha mapheo a linonyana tse ling le likokoanyana nakong ea ho fofa letsatsi le letsatsi le ho qoela.Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, li-glider lia phutha le ho phutholoha ka har'a li-submersibles ho fokotsa litlamorao tsa hydrodynamic le ho holisa ho ts'oaroa3.Leha ho le joalo morero o mong oa mekhoa ena ke ho fana ka melemo ea volumetric ho litsamaiso tse kang ho mena ha helikopta propeller 4 bakeng sa ho boloka le ho tsamaisa.Mapheo a rokete a boetse a phutha fatše ho fokotsa sebaka sa polokelo.Ka hona, metsu e mengata e ka behoa sebakeng se senyenyane sa "launcher".Nakong ea ho phutha, matla a bolokoa ho eona 'me a lokolloa nakong ea ho phutholoha.Ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona se feto-fetohang, matla a bolokiloeng le a lokolloa a lekana.Nako ea selemo e etselitsoe haholo sistimi, 'me moralo ona o fana ka bothata ba ho ntlafatsa6.Hobane ha e ntse e kenyelletsa mefuta e fapaneng e kang bophara ba terata, bophara ba li-coil, palo ea ho chenchana, angle ea helix le mofuta oa thepa, ho boetse ho na le litekanyetso tse kang boima, bophahamo ba modumo, kabo e fokolang ya kgatello ya maikutlo kapa ho fumaneha ho hoholo ha matla7.
Boithuto bona bo fana ka leseli mabapi le moralo le ntlafatso ea liliba bakeng sa mekhoa ea ho mena mapheo e sebelisoang litsamaisong tsa rokete.Kaha li ka har'a tube ea ho qala pele sefofane se fofa, mapheo a lula a phutholohile holim'a rokete, 'me ka mor'a ho tsoa ka har'a tube ea ho qala, a buleha ka nako e itseng' me a lule a hatelloa holimo.Ts'ebetso ena e bohlokoa ts'ebetsong e nepahetseng ea rocket.Ka mokhoa o tsoetseng pele oa ho phutha, ho buloa ha mapheo ho etsoa ke liliba tsa torsion, 'me ho koala ho etsoa ka liliba tsa khatello.Ho rala selemo se loketseng, ts'ebetso ea optimization e tlameha ho etsoa.Nakong ea ntlafatso ea selemo, ho na le likopo tse fapaneng libukeng.
Paredes et al.8 e hlalositse boholo ba bophelo ba mokhathala e le ts'ebetso ea sepheo bakeng sa moralo oa liliba tsa helical mme a sebelisa mokhoa oa quasi-Newtonian e le mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa.Liphetoho tsa ho ntlafatsa li ile tsa khetholloa e le bophara ba terata, bophara ba coil, palo ea ho chenchana, le bolelele ba selemo.Parameter e 'ngoe ea mohaho oa selemo ke thepa eo e entsoeng ho eona.Ka hona, sena se ile sa hlokomeloa lithutong tsa moralo le ho ntlafatsa.Zebdi et al.9 e behile lipakane tsa boima bo boholo le boima bo fokolang mosebetsing oa sepheo thutong ea bona, moo boima ba 'mele bo neng bo le bohlokoa.Tabeng ena, ba hlalositse thepa ea selemo le thepa ea geometri e le mefuta e fapaneng.Ba sebelisa algorithm ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e le mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa.Ka indasteri ea likoloi, boima ba thepa bo molemo ka litsela tse ngata, ho tloha ho ts'ebetso ea koloi ho ea ho tšebeliso ea mafura.Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ha u ntse u ntlafatsa liliba tsa coil bakeng sa ho fanyeha ke thuto e tsebahalang10.Bahshesh le Bahshesh11 ba khethile lisebelisoa tse kang E-glass, carbon le Kevlar e le lintho tse fapaneng mosebetsing oa bona tikolohong ea ANSYS ka sepheo sa ho fumana boima ba 'mele bo fokolang le matla a maholo ka ho fetisisa mefuteng e fapaneng ea ho emisoa ha selemo.Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele ea liliba tse kopaneng.Kahoo, ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea bothata bothateng ba ho ntlafatsa, joalo ka mokhoa oa tlhahiso, mehato e nkuoeng ts'ebetsong, le tatellano ea mehato eo12,13.Ha ho etsoa liliba bakeng sa litsamaiso tse matla, maqhubu a tlhaho a tsamaiso a tlameha ho nkoa.Ho khothalletsoa hore nako ea pele ea tlhaho ea selemo e be bonyane makhetlo a 5-10 ka makhetlo a tlhaho a tsamaiso ho qoba resonance14.Taktak et al.7 e nkile qeto ea ho fokotsa boima ba nako ea selemo le ho holisa maqhubu a pele a tlhaho joalo ka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng moralong oa selemo sa coil.Ba sebelisitse mokhoa oa ho batla oa mohlala, sebaka sa ka hare, sete e sebetsang, le mekhoa ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ho sesebelisoa sa Matlab optimization.Lipatlisiso tsa tlhahlobo ke karolo ea lipatlisiso tsa moralo oa selemo, 'me Finite Element Method e tumme sebakeng sena15.Patil et al.16 o ile a hlahisa mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa bakeng sa ho fokotsa boima ba "conpress helical spring" ho sebelisa mokhoa oa ho hlahloba le ho lekola li-analytical equations ho sebelisa mokhoa oa finite element.Sepheo se seng sa ho eketsa molemo oa nako ea selemo ke ho eketseha ha matla ao e ka a bolokang.Nyeoe ena e boetse e tiisa hore selemo se boloka molemo oa sona nako e telele.Rahul le Rameshkumar17 Batla ho fokotsa molumo oa nako ea selemo le ho eketsa khatello ea matla meralong ea li-coil spring spring.Ba boetse ba sebelisitse li-algorithms tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso lipatlisisong tsa optimization.
Joalokaha ho ka bonoa, liparamente thutong ea ntlafatso li fapana ho ea ka sistimi.Ka kakaretso, ho satalla le li-parameter tsa khatello ea ho kuta ke tsa bohlokoa tsamaisong eo moroalo oo e o jereng ke oona o khethollang.Khetho ea thepa e kenyelelitsoe tsamaisong ea boima ba 'mele ka mekhahlelo ena e' meli.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, maqhubu a tlhaho a hlahlojoa ho qoba li-resonances litsamaisong tse matla haholo.Litsamaisong moo ts'ebeliso e leng bohlokoa, matla aa eketseha.Lithutong tsa optimization, le hoja FEM e sebelisoa bakeng sa lithuto tsa tlhahlobo, ho ka bonoa hore mekhoa ea metaheuristic e kang genetic algorithm14,18 le gray wolf algorithm19 e sebelisoa hammoho le mokhoa oa khale oa Newton ka har'a mefuta e mengata ea mekhahlelo e itseng.Li-algorithms tsa metaheuristic li entsoe ho latela mekhoa ea tlhaho ea ho ikamahanya le maemo e atamelang boemo bo nepahetseng ka nako e khuts'oane, haholo-holo tlas'a tšusumetso ea baahi20,21.Ka kabo e sa reroang ea baahi sebakeng sa ho batla, ba qoba maemo a nepahetseng a lehae mme ba leba ho optima22 ea lefats'e.Kahoo, lilemong tsa morao tjena e 'nile ea sebelisoa hangata molemong oa mathata a sebele a indasteri23,24.
Taba e mahlonoko bakeng sa mochine oa ho mena o hlahisitsoeng thutong ena ke hore mapheo, a neng a le sebakeng se koetsoeng pele a fofa, a bula nako e itseng ka mor'a hore a tlohe tube.Ka mor'a moo, ntho ea ho notlela e thibela lepheo.Ka hona, liliba ha li ame ka ho toba matla a ho fofa.Tabeng ena, sepheo sa ho ntlafatsa e ne e le ho eketsa matla a bolokiloeng ho potlakisa motsamao oa selemo.Bophara ba roll, bophara ba terata, palo ea meqolo le ho kheloha li ne li hlalosoa e le li-parameter tsa optimization.Ka lebaka la boholo bo fokolang ba selemo, boima bo ne bo sa nkoa e le sepheo.Ka hona, mofuta oa thepa o hlalosoa e le o tsitsitseng.Moeli oa tšireletso bakeng sa ho senyeha ha mochine o khethoa e le moeli oa bohlokoa.Ho phaella moo, lithibelo tsa boholo bo fapaneng li ameha sebakeng sa mochine.Mokhoa oa BA metaheuristic o khethiloe e le mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa.BA e ile ea ratoa bakeng sa sebopeho sa eona se tenyetsehang le se bonolo, le bakeng sa tsoelopele ea eona liphuputsong tsa ntlafatso ea mochini25.Karolong ea bobeli ea thuto, litlhaloso tse qaqileng tsa lipalo li kenyelelitsoe moralong oa moralo oa motheo le moralo oa selemo oa mochini oa ho mena.Karolo ea boraro e na le algorithm ea optimization le liphetho tsa optimization.Khaolo ea 4 e etsa tlhahlobo lenaneong la ADAMS.Ho tšoaneleha ha liliba ho hlahlojoa pele ho tlhahiso.Karolo ea ho qetela e na le liphetho tsa liteko le litšoantšo tsa liteko.Liphetho tse fumanoeng thutong li boetse li bapisoa le mosebetsi oa pele oa bangoli ba sebelisang mokhoa oa DOE.
Mapheo a hlahisitsoeng thutong ena a lokela ho phutha ho leba bokaholimo ba rokete.Mapheo a potoloha ho tloha ho a mennwe ho ya boemong bo sa phutholohang.Bakeng sa sena, ho ile ha etsoa mochine o khethehileng.Ka feiga.1 e bonts'a tlhophiso e hlophisitsoeng le e sa phutholohang5 ho sistimi ea khokahanyo ea rocket.
Ka feiga.2 e bonts'a pono ea karolo ea mochini.Mochine ona o na le likarolo tse 'maloa tsa mochini: (1) 'mele o ka sehloohong, (2) wing shaft, (3) bearing, (4) lock body, (5) lock bush, (6) stop pin, (7) torsion spring le ( 8) liliba tsa khatello.Lepheo la mapheo (2) le hokahantsoe le seliba sa torsion (7) ka lehare le notlelang (4).Likarolo tse tharo li potoloha ka nako e le 'ngoe ka mor'a hore rokete e tlohe.Ka motsamao ona oa ho potoloha, mapheo a fetohela sebakeng sa ona sa ho qetela.Ka mor'a moo, pinana (6) e kenngoa ke "conpress spring" (8), kahoo e thibela mochine oohle oa 'mele oa ho notlela (4)5.
Elastic modulus (E) le shear modulus (G) ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa moralo nakong ea selemo.Thutong ena, terata e phahameng ea carbon spring steel (Music wire ASTM A228) e khethiloe e le thepa ea selemo.Mekhabiso e meng ke bophara ba terata (d), bophara ba khoele e tloaelehileng (Dm), palo ea likhoele (N) le ho kheloha ha selemo (xd bakeng sa liliba tsa khatello le θ bakeng sa liliba tsa torsion)26.Matla a bolokiloeng bakeng sa liliba tsa khatello \({(SE}_{x})\) le torsion (\({SE}_{\theta}\))) li ka baloa ho tsoa ho equation.(1) le (2)26.(Boleng ba shear modulus (G) bakeng sa spring compression ke 83.7E9 Pa, le elastic modulus (E) boleng ba torsion spring ke 203.4E9 Pa.)
Litekanyo tsa mechine ea tsamaiso li khetholla ka ho toba lithibelo tsa geometri tsa selemo.Ntle le moo, maemo ao rokete e tla beoang ho ona le ona a lokela ho tsotelloa.Lintlha tsena li etsa qeto ea meeli ea mekhahlelo ea selemo.Moeli o mong oa bohlokoa ke ntlha ea tšireletso.Tlhaloso ea ntlha ea tšireletso e hlalosoa ka ho qaqileng ke Shigley et al.26.The compression spring safety factor (SFC) e hlalosoa e le khatello e phahameng e lumelletsoeng e arotsoe ke khatello ea maikutlo ho feta bolelele bo tsoelang pele.SFC e ka baloa ho sebelisoa li-equations.(3), (4), (5) le (6)26.(Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa selemo tse sebelisitsoeng thutong ena, \({S}_{sy}=980 MPa\)).F e emetse matla ho equation mme KB e emetse Bergstrasser factor ya 26.
The torsion safety factor of a spring (SFT) e hlalosoa e le M e arotsoe ka k.SFT e ka baloa ho tsoa ho equation.(7), (8), (9) le (10)26.(Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse sebelisitsoeng thutong ena, \({S}_{y}=1600 \mathrm{MPa}\)).Ka equation, M e sebelisoa bakeng sa torque, \({k}^{^{\prime}}\) e sebelisetsoa nako ea selemo (torque / rotation), 'me Ki e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa khatello ea maikutlo.
Sepheo se seholo sa ho ntlafatsa thutong ena ke ho eketsa matla a selemo.Mosebetsi oa sepheo o etselitsoe ho fumana \(\ overrightarrow{\{X\}}\) e eketsang \(f(X)\).\({f}_{1}(X)\) le \({f}_{2}(X)\) ke mesebetsi ea matla ea khatello le torsion spring, ka ho latellana.Liphetoho tse baliloeng le mesebetsi e sebelisoang bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa li bonts'itsoe ho li-equation tse latelang.
Litšitiso tse fapaneng tse behiloeng moralong oa selemo li fanoe ka li-equations tse latelang.Li-equations (15) le (16) li emela lintlha tsa polokeho bakeng sa ho hatella le liliba tsa torsion, ka ho latellana.Phuputsong ena, SFC e tlameha ho ba kholo ho feta kapa ho lekana le 1.2 mme SFT e be kholo ho feta kapa ho lekana le θ26.
BA e susumelitsoe ke maano a linotsi a ho batla peō ea limela27.Linotši li batla ka ho romela lifuru tse ngata masimong a nonneng a peō e phofshoana le tse fokolang tsa furu masimong a mobu o sa nonneng haholo.Ka hona, katleho e kholo ka ho fetisisa e tsoang ho baahi ba linotsi e finyelloa.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, linotsi tsa scout li tsoela pele ho batla libaka tse ncha tsa peo e phofshoana, 'me haeba ho na le libaka tse ngata tse hlahisang litholoana ho feta pele, batho ba bangata ba jang lijo ba tla lebisoa sebakeng sena se secha28.BA e na le likarolo tse peli: patlo ea lehae le patlo ea lefats'e.Patlisiso ea lehae e batla libaka tse ngata tse haufi le bonyane (libaka tsa batho ba phahameng sechabeng), joalo ka linotši, le tse fokolang libakeng tse ling (libaka tse nepahetseng kapa tse hlahang).Patlo e se nang boikaketsi e etsoa karolong ea lefats'e ea ho batla, 'me haeba litekanyetso tse ntle li fumanoa, liteishene li isoa sebakeng sa ho batla sa lehae nakong e latelang.Algorithm e na le liparamente tse ling: palo ea linotsi tsa scout (n), palo ea libaka tsa patlo tsa lehae (m), palo ea libaka tsa maemo a holimo (e), palo ea batho ba futsanehileng libakeng tsa maemo a holimo (nep), palo ea batho ba batlang libaka tse nepahetseng.Sebaka (nsp), boholo ba boahelani (ngh), le palo ea ho pheta-pheta (I)29.pseudocode ea BA e bontšitsoe setšoantšong sa 3.
Mokhoa o lekang ho sebetsa lipakeng tsa \({g}_{1}(X)\) le \({g}_{2}(X)\).Ka lebaka la phetisetso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, litekanyetso tse nepahetseng lia khethoa 'me palo ea batho e bokelloa ho pota-pota litekanyetso tsena molemong oa ho fumana boleng bo holimo.Lithibelo li hlahlojoa likarolong tsa sebaka sa heno le tsa lefats'e.Patlong ea lehae, haeba lintlha tsena li nepahetse, boleng ba matla bo baloa.Haeba boleng bo bocha ba matla bo le boholo ho feta boleng bo nepahetseng, fana ka boleng bo bocha ho boleng bo nepahetseng.Haeba boleng bo holimo bo fumanoeng sephethong sa patlo bo feta ntho ea hajoale, ntho e ncha e tla kenyeletsoa pokellong.Setšoantšo sa block sa patlo ea lehae se bontšitsoe setšoantšong sa 4.
Baahi ke e 'ngoe ea lintlha tsa bohlokoa ho BA.Ho ka bonoa lithutong tse fetileng hore ho atolosa palo ea batho ho fokotsa palo ea ho pheta-pheta ho hlokahalang le ho eketsa menyetla ea katleho.Leha ho le joalo, palo ea litlhahlobo tsa ts'ebetso e ntse e eketseha.Ho ba teng ha palo e kholo ea libaka tse phahameng ha ho ame haholo ts'ebetso.Palo ea libaka tse phahameng e ka ba tlase haeba e se zero30.Boholo ba batho ba scout bee (n) hangata bo khethoa pakeng tsa 30 le 100. Thutong ena, maemo a mabeli a 30 le a 50 a ile a tsamaisoa ho fumana palo e nepahetseng (Letlapa la 2).Li-parameter tse ling li khethoa ho latela palo ea batho.Palo ea libaka tse khethiloeng (m) ke (hoo e ka bang) 25% ea boholo ba baahi, 'me palo ea libaka tse phahameng (e) har'a libaka tse khethiloeng ke 25% ea m.Palo ea linotsi tse fepang (palo ea lipatlisiso) e ile ea khethoa hore e be 100 bakeng sa libaka tse phahameng le tse 30 bakeng sa libaka tse ling tsa lehae.Patlo ea boahelani ke mohopolo oa mantlha oa li-algorithms tsohle tsa ho iphetola ha lintho.Thutong ena, ho ile ha sebelisoa mokhoa oa ho theola baahisani.Mokhoa ona o fokotsa boholo ba sebaka sa boahelani ka tekanyo e itseng nakong ea ho pheta-pheta.Liphetolelong tse tlang, litekanyetso tse nyane tsa tikoloho30 li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa patlo e nepahetseng haholoanyane.
Boemong bo bong le bo bong, ho ile ha etsoa liteko tse leshome tse latellanang ho lekola ho ikatisa ha algorithm ea optimization.Ka feiga.5 e bonts'a liphetho tsa ntlafatso ea selemo sa torsion bakeng sa morero oa 1, le ho feiga.6 - bakeng sa morero oa 2. Lintlha tsa liteko li boetse li fanoa ka litafole 3 le 4 (tafole e nang le liphetho tse fumanoeng bakeng sa selemo sa compression e ho Supplementary Information S1).Palo ea linotsi e eketsa ho batla litekanyetso tse ntle nakong ea pele.Boemong ba 1, liphetho tsa liteko tse ling li ne li le ka tlase ho palo e phahameng.Boemong ba 2, ho ka bonoa hore liphetho tsohle tsa ntlafatso li ntse li atamela haholo ka lebaka la keketseho ea baahi le liparamente tse ling tse amehang.Ho ka bonoa hore litekanyetso tse ho Scenario 2 li lekane bakeng sa algorithm.
Ha ho fumanwa boleng bo kahodimodimo ba matla ka ho pheta-pheta, ntlha ya polokeho e boetse e fuwa e le tšitiso bakeng sa thuto.Sheba tafole bakeng sa ntlha ea polokeho.Litekanyetso tsa matla tse fumanoang ho sebelisoa BA li bapisoa le tse fumanoang ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa 5 DOE ho Lethathamo la 5. (E le hore ho be bonolo ho etsoa, palo ea ho fetoha (N) ea selemo sa torsion ke 4.9 sebakeng sa 4.88, le ho kheloha (xd). ) ke 8 mm sebakeng sa 7.99 mm nakong ea selemo sa compression.) Ho ka bonoa hore BA ke Sephetho se betere.BA e lekola litekanyetso tsohle ka lipono tsa lehae le tsa lefats'e.Ka tsela ena a ka leka mekhoa e meng ka potlako.
Thutong ena, Adams e ne e sebelisetsoa ho hlahloba motsamao oa mochine oa mapheo.Adams o qala ho fuoa mohlala oa 3D oa mochine.Ebe u hlalosa selemo ka mekhahlelo e khethiloeng karolong e fetileng.Ho feta moo, li-parameter tse ling li hloka ho hlalosoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea 'nete.Tsena ke likarolo tsa 'mele tse kang likhokahano, thepa ea thepa, ho kopana, khohlano le matla a khoheli.Ho na le lenonyeletso le pota-potileng pakeng tsa blade shaft le bearing.Ho na le 5-6 cylindrical manonyeletso.Ho na le 5-1 manonyeletso a tsitsitseng.'Mele o ka sehloohong o entsoe ka thepa ea aluminium mme o tsitsitse.Thepa ea likarolo tse ling ke tšepe.Khetha coefficient ea khohlano, ho satalla ho kopana le botebo ba ho kenella ha sebaka sa khohlano ho latela mofuta oa thepa.(tšepe e sa hloekang AISI 304) Thutong ena, parameter ea bohlokoa ke nako ea ho bula mochine oa mapheo, o lokelang ho ba tlase ho 200 ms.Ka hona, beha leihlo nako ea ho bula lepheo nakong ea tlhahlobo.
Ka lebaka la tlhahlobo ea Adams, nako ea ho bula mochine oa mapheo ke 74 milliseconds.Liphetho tsa papiso e matla ho tloha ho 1 ho isa ho 4 li bontšoa ho Setšoantšo sa 7. Setšoantšo sa pele ho Setšoantšo.5 ke ketsiso nako ea ho qala 'me mapheo a boemong ba ho emela ho phutha.(2) E bonts'a boemo ba lepheo ka mor'a 40ms ha lepheo le potoloha likhato tse 43.(3) e bontša boemo ba lepheo ka mor'a 71 milliseconds.Hape setšoantšong sa ho qetela (4) se bontša qetello ea ho fetoha ha lepheo le boemo bo bulehileng.Ka lebaka la tlhahlobo e matla, ho ile ha hlokomeloa hore mochine oa ho bula mapheo o mokhutšoanyane haholo ho feta tekanyo ea 200 ms.Ntle le moo, ha ho lekanngoa liliba, ho ile ha khethoa meeli ea polokeho ho tsoa ho litekanyetso tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tse khothalelitsoeng libukeng.
Ka mor'a hore ho phethoe lithuto tsohle tsa moralo, ho ntlafatsa le ho etsisa, ho ile ha etsoa mohlala oa mochine 'me oa kopanngoa.Joale mohlala o ile oa lekoa ho netefatsa liphetho tsa papiso.Qala ka ho boloka khetla e kholo 'me u mene mapheo.Joale mapheo a ile a lokolloa sebakeng se mennoeng 'me ha etsoa video ea ho potoloha ha mapheo ho tloha sebakeng se mennoeng ho ea ho se behiloeng.Nako e ne e boetse e sebelisetsoa ho sekaseka nako nakong ea ho rekota video.
Ka feiga.8 e bonts'a liforeimi tsa video tse baloang 1-4.Nomoro ea foreimi ea 1 setšoantšong e bontša nako ea ho lokolloa ha mapheo a phuthilweng.Nako ena e nkuoa e le motsotso oa pele oa nako t0.Liforeimi 2 le 3 li bonts'a maemo a mapheo a 40 ms le 70 ms kamora motsotso oa pele.Ha ho hlahlojoa liforeimi 3 le 4, ho ka bonoa hore ho sisinyeha ha lepheo ho tsitsisa 90 ms ka mor'a t0, 'me ho buleha ha lepheo ho phetheloa pakeng tsa 70 le 90 ms.Boemo bona bo bolela hore tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea prototype li fana ka nako e batlang e lekana ea ho sebelisoa ha mapheo, 'me moralo o kopana le litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea mochini.
Sengoliloeng sena, liliba tsa torsion le compression tse sebelisoang mochining oa ho phutha mapheo li ntlafalitsoe ka BA.Li-parameter li ka finyelloa kapele ka ho pheta-pheta ho fokolang.Seliba sa torsion se lekanyelitsoe ho 1075 mJ 'me mocheso oa khatello o lekantsoe ho 37.24 mJ.Litekanyetso tsena li betere ka 40-50% ho feta lithuto tse fetileng tsa DOE.Selemo se kenyelelitsoe mochineng 'me se hlahlojoe lenaneong la ADAMS.Ha ho hlahlojoa, ho ile ha fumanoa hore mapheo a bulehile ka hare ho 74 milliseconds.Boleng bona bo ka tlase haholo ho sepheo sa projeke sa 200 milliseconds.Phuputsong e ileng ea latela ea liteko, nako ea ho bula e ile ea lekanngoa hore e ka ba 90 ms.Phapang ena ea 16 millisecond lipakeng tsa litlhahlobo e kanna ea bakoa ke maemo a tikoloho a sa kang a etsoa ka har'a software.Ho lumeloa hore algorithm ea optimization e fumanoeng ka lebaka la thuto e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa meralo e fapaneng ea selemo.
Lisebelisoa tsa selemo li ne li hlalositsoe esale pele 'me ha lia ka tsa sebelisoa e le phetoho ea ho ntlafatsa.Kaha ho sebelisoa mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea liliba lifofaneng le liroketeng, BA e tla sebelisoa ho rala mefuta e meng ea liliba ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng ho fihlela moralo o nepahetseng oa selemo lipatlisisong tse tlang.
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Nako ea poso: Mar-21-2023